Adsorption of Cd2+ from synthetic wastewater by modified leaves of Eupatorium adenophorum and Acer oblongum: thermodynamics, kinetics and equilibrium studies

Abstract Heavy metals cause outrageous ecological risks when released into the environment from many point and non-point sources. Biosorbents prepared leaves of Eupatorium adenophorum ( AEA ) Acer oblongum AAO were used as practical solutions to remove toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd 2+ wastewater. Biosorption Cd was investigated using biomass under batch conditions. The effect operating variables like temperature, contact time, pH impact, initial concentration biosorbent portion on removal has been studied. optimal sorbent dosage found be 7.0 2.0 g L −1 , respectively, efficiency attained 93.3% with an equilibrium time 90 min. uptake evaluated by Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin isotherm models. Langmuir model proved fit confirming single layer sorption. biosorption onto activated achieved 45.45 mg 44.64 respectively. adsorption affinity toward discovered a lot more prominent than biomass. kinetic data fitted pseudo-second-order well higher values R 2 (> 0.99). Thermodynamics disclosed that process spontaneous (∆G 0 < 0), endothermic (∆H > feasible (ΔS 0). exothermic biosorbent. Additionally, FT-IR SEM analysis uncovered adsorbed selected biomassdue –NH–, –COOH, –OH, –NH groups. Ionic, coordination bond formation, electrostatic interaction demonstrated they promising for wastewater treatment.